The thermal management system of new energy vehicles mainly involves three aspects: power batteries,cabin air conditioning, and motor and electronic control systems. It is a core technology that ensures vehicle safety,performance, and user experience. Its core objective is to enhance energy efficiency, ensure safety and extend the lifespan of components by coordinating the heat generated by each component, which plays a crucial role in the driving range and performance of electric vehicles. Therefore, the correct design and application of the thermal management system are of great significance to the reliability of the entire vehicle. This article will analyze the working principles of the current mainstream automotive thermal management solutions from the perspective of the entire vehicle, providing certain references for the future development of automotive thermal management technology.