Driven by the global "double carbon" goal，the new energy vehicle industry has ushered in explosive growth. As a core component，the quality and safety of power batteries are directly related to the foundation of industrial development. However，the power battery technology is rapidly iterative，and the application scenarios are complex and changeable. The existing inspection and testing system has shortcomings in standard uniformity， technology progressiveness， risk prediction ability， etc.， which needs to be systematically optimized and improved. This paper systematically analyzes the current technical problems in the field of new energy vehicle power battery inspection and testing，combines the industry development trend，and proposes countermeasures from different dimensions，aiming to provide reference for improving the quality of power battery inspection and ensuring the safe development of the new energy vehicle industry.