电动汽车充电站作为典型非线性负荷接入配电网,易引发谐波污染、电压波动等电能品质问题。文章通过构建三相六脉冲整流电路模型,分析充电站负荷特性与谐波产生机制,提出“谐波相角分布熵”概念,并开发改进粒子群算法优化接入策略。仿真结果表明,有序接入策略可使总谐波畸变率从3.67%降至2.30%,可有效提升电能品质。

Electric vehicle charging stations, as typical nonlinear loads connected to the distribution network, are prone to cause power quality problems such as harmonic pollution and voltage fluctuations. This article constructs a three-phase six-pulse rectifier circuit model, analyzes the load characteristics and harmonic generation mechanism of the charging station, proposes the concept of "harmonic phase Angle distribution entropy", and develops an improved particle swarm optimization algorithm to optimize the access strategy. The simulation results show that the ordered access strategy can reduce the total harmonic distortion rate from 3.67% to 2.30%, which can effectively improve the power quality.