随着新能源汽车产业快速发展，动力电池模组安全性问题愈发凸显，热失控防护与热管理是保障电池安全的关键环节。本文深入探讨动力电池模组热失控的诱因和防护技术发展，重点分析热管理材料的类型、性能及应用（包括热传导材料、热障材料和相变材料），并展望未来热失控防护与热管理材料的发展趋势，旨在为动力电池模组的安全设计与优化提供理论支持和技术参考。

With the rapid development of the new energy vehicle industry, the safety issues of power battery modules have become increasingly prominent. Thermal runaway protection and thermal management are key links in ensuring battery safety. This article explores in depth the causes of thermal runaway in power battery modules and the development of protective technologies, with a focus on analyzing the types, properties, and applications of thermal management materials (including thermal conductive materials, thermal barrier materials, and phase change materials). It looks forward to the future development trends of thermal runaway protection and thermal management materials, aiming to provide theoretical support and technical references for the safe design and optimization of power battery modules.