The operation of heat pump air conditioning systems in new energy vehicles (NEVs) impacts battery energy consumption. These systems enable energy conversion between cooling and heating modes, enhancing comfort while affecting battery efficiency and range. This study investigates the effects of NEV heat pump systems on battery performance, analyzes load variations under different operating modes and potential for improving heat pump efficiency, evaluates system performance under varying ambient temperatures, and proposes optimization strategies to enhance NEV battery endurance through optimized air conditioning operations.