电子锁止机构是保证新能源汽车充电安全的重要部件。为了提高系统在复杂服役环境下运行的可靠性，文章首先对系统的可靠性现状进行系统性评价。通过对机构工作原理和结构特征的分析，找到极端机械负载等主要影响机构可靠性的因素。采用有限元仿真技术（FEM）来定量分析关键部件在典型恶劣工况下的应力，根据应力强度干涉理论评价原设计的安全裕度，揭示其潜在的可靠性瓶颈。根据评价结果提出传动齿轮修形、锁舌材料升级、电机主动保护策略等综合优化方案。经过严格的环境耐久、机械振动试验来验证优化方案的有效性，显著提高机构整体可靠性。

Electronic locking mechanisms are critical components ensuring charging safety for new energy vehicles. To enhance system reliability under complex operational conditions, this study first conducts a systematic evaluation of current reliability performance. By analyzing the mechanism's operating principles and structural characteristics, key factors affecting reliability-such as extreme mechanical loads-are identified. Finite Element Method (FEM) simulation was employed to quantitatively analyze stresses in critical components under typical harsh operating conditions. The original design's safety margin was evaluated using stress intensity factor theory, revealing potential reliability bottlenecks. Based on the evaluation results, a comprehensive optimization plan is proposed, including gear profile modification, lock tongue material upgrade, and proactive motor protection strategies. The effectiveness of the optimization plan is verified through rigorous environmental endurance and mechanical vibration testing, significantly improving the overall reliability metrics of the mechanism.