随着新能源汽车动力电池朝着高能量密度、高倍率快充方向发展，电池模组在有限空间内热积聚的问题已成为制约整车安全、寿命的关键瓶颈。为了应对极端工况下的热失控风险以及电芯温差过大的问题，根据三元锂电池模组的热特性，主要对导热界面材料、液冷板、流道结构等零部件的导热机理及选型进行分析。建立电池模组和散热组件的耦合传热模型，用 CFD 仿真技术对比不同流道拓扑结构对散热效率的影响，并研究导热硅胶垫厚度和接触热阻的关系。通过仿真分析，采用优化后的蛇形微通道液冷板可以使模组最高温度下降约10.1%，并且能够将单体电芯最大温差控制在3.5 ℃以内。同时低热阻、高贴合度的界面材料可以消除局部热点。

As new energy vehicle power batteries evolve toward higher energy density and high-rate fast charging capabilities, thermal accumulation within the limited space of battery modules has become a critical bottleneck affecting vehicle safety and lifespan. To address thermal runaway risks under extreme operating conditions and excessive cell temperature differentials, this study analyzes the thermal conduction mechanisms and component selection-including thermal interface materials, liquid cooling plates, and flow channel structures-based on the thermal characteristics of ternary lithium battery modules. A coupled heat transfer model linking the battery module and cooling components was established. CFD simulation technology was employed to compare the impact of different flow channel topologies on cooling efficiency and to investigate the relationship between thermal pad thickness and contact thermal resistance. Simulation analysis demonstrated that an optimized serpentine microchannel liquid cooling plate could reduce the module's maximum temperature by approximately 10.1% and control the maximum temperature difference between individual cells within 3.5 ℃ . Simultaneously, low-thermal-resistance, high-conformability interface materials eliminate local hotspots.