文章主要分析电动重卡换电锁止机构的结构组成，提出一种锁钩式锁止机构的设计方法，针对制造误差导致锁钩锁块容易干涉、传感器误报未上锁故障的问题，创新设计了锁钩锁块间隙配合，保障电池安全的同时也提高了锁止机构的稳定性。通过仿真分析及耐久试验进行验证，结果表明，优化后的锁止机构在振动、疲劳及极端工况下均满足性能要求，可为换电装置设计提供理论参考。

This paper analyzes the structural composition of the locking mechanism for electric heavy-duty truck battery swapping and proposes a design method for a hook-type locking mechanism. Aiming at the problem of sensor misreporting of unlocked faults caused by the potential interference between the lock hook and lock block due to manufacturing errors, an innovative clearance fit design for the lock hook and lock block is developed. This design not only ensures battery safety but also improves the stability of the locking mechanism. Verified by simulation analysis and durability tests, the optimized locking mechanism meets performance requirements under vibration, fatigue, and extreme working conditions, which can provide theoretical reference for the design of battery-swapping devices.