随着新能源汽车电气化、域集中化与软件定义趋势增强，传统低压配电模式已难以满足多控制器并发、关键负载连续供电和故障隔离的需求。针对智能配电与车载电子设备安全协同控制需求，本文构建分层感知、配电、风险评估、故障隔离与降级控制一体化框架，提出基于负载优先级的动态配电、基于状态融合的异常识别及面向整车安全目标的协同控制策略。结果表明，该方法可提升供电连续性，缩短故障定位时间，抑制异常扩展，并兼顾线束轻量化与平台扩展性。

With the continuous advancement of electrification, domain centralization, and software-defined architecture in new energy vehicles, the traditional low-voltage power distribution mode can no longer satisfy the demands of multi-controller concurrent operation, continuous power supply for critical loads, and rapid fault isolation. In response to the coordinated control requirements of intelligent low-voltage power distribution and on-board electronic equipment safety, an integrated technical framework covering hierarchical perception, power distribution, risk assessment, fault isolation, and degradation control is established. Based on this framework, a dynamic power distribution method driven by load priority, an abnormality identification method based on state fusion, and a coordinated control strategy oriented to vehicle safety objectives are proposed. The results show that this approach can improve power supply continuity, shorten fault location time, suppress fault propagation, and simultaneously support harness light weighting and platform scalability.